wordle/.claude/skills/gds-agent-game-dev/gametest/knowledge/regression-testing.md

Regression Testing for Games

Overview

Regression testing catches bugs introduced by new changes. In games, this includes functional regressions, performance regressions, and design regressions.

Types of Regression

Functional Regression

• Features that worked before now break
• New bugs introduced by unrelated changes
• Broken integrations between systems

Performance Regression

• Frame rate drops
• Memory usage increases
• Load time increases
• Battery drain (mobile)

Design Regression

• Balance changes with unintended side effects
• UX changes that hurt usability
• Art changes that break visual consistency

Save Data Regression

• Old save files no longer load
• Progression lost or corrupted
• Achievements/unlocks reset

Regression Testing Strategy

Test Suite Layers

High-Frequency (Every Commit)
├── Unit Tests - Fast, isolated
├── Smoke Tests - Can game launch and run?
└── Critical Path - Core gameplay works

Medium-Frequency (Nightly)
├── Integration Tests - System interactions
├── Full Playthrough - Automated or manual
└── Performance Benchmarks - Frame time, memory

Low-Frequency (Release)
├── Full Matrix - All platforms/configs
├── Certification Tests - Platform requirements
└── Localization - All languages

What to Test

Critical Path (Must Not Break)

• Game launches
• New game starts
• Save/load works
• Core gameplay loop completes
• Main menu navigation

High Priority

• All game systems function
• Progression works end-to-end
• Multiplayer connects and syncs
• In-app purchases process
• Achievements trigger

Medium Priority

• Edge cases in systems
• Optional content accessible
• Settings persist correctly
• Localization displays

Automated Regression Tests

Smoke Tests

# Run on every commit
def test_game_launches():
    process = launch_game()
    assert wait_for_main_menu(timeout=30)
    process.terminate()

def test_new_game_starts():
    launch_game()
    click_new_game()
    assert wait_for_gameplay(timeout=60)

def test_save_load_roundtrip():
    launch_game()
    start_new_game()
    perform_actions()
    save_game()
    load_game()
    assert verify_state_matches()

Playthrough Bots

# Automated player that plays through content
class PlaythroughBot:
    def run_level(self, level):
        self.load_level(level)
        while not self.level_complete:
            self.perform_action()
            self.check_for_softlocks()
            self.record_metrics()

Visual Regression

# Compare screenshots against baselines
def test_main_menu_visual():
    launch_game()
    screenshot = capture_screen()
    assert compare_to_baseline(screenshot, 'main_menu', threshold=0.01)

Performance Regression Detection

Metrics to Track

• Average frame time
• 1% low frame time
• Memory usage (peak, average)
• Load times
• Draw calls
• Texture memory

Automated Benchmarks

performance_benchmark:
  script:
    - run_benchmark_scene --duration 60s
    - collect_metrics
    - compare_to_baseline
  fail_conditions:
    - frame_time_avg > baseline * 1.1 # 10% tolerance
    - memory_peak > baseline * 1.05 # 5% tolerance

Trend Tracking

• Graph metrics over time
• Alert on upward trends
• Identify problematic commits

Save Compatibility Testing

Version Matrix

Maintain save files from:

• Previous major version
• Previous minor version
• Current development build

Automated Validation

def test_save_compatibility():
    for save_file in LEGACY_SAVES:
        load_save(save_file)
        assert no_errors()
        assert progress_preserved()
        assert inventory_intact()

Schema Versioning

• Version your save format
• Implement upgrade paths
• Log migration issues

Regression Bug Workflow

1. Detection

• Automated test fails
• Manual tester finds issue
• Player report comes in

2. Verification

• Confirm it worked before
• Identify when it broke
• Find the breaking commit

3. Triage

• Assess severity
• Determine fix urgency
• Assign to appropriate developer

4. Fix and Verify

• Implement fix
• Add regression test
• Verify fix doesn't break other things

5. Post-Mortem

• Why wasn't this caught?
• How can we prevent similar issues?
• Do we need new tests?

Bisecting Regressions

When a regression is found, identify the breaking commit:

Git Bisect

git bisect start
git bisect bad HEAD          # Current is broken
git bisect good v1.2.0       # Known good version
# Git will checkout commits to test
# Run test, mark good/bad
git bisect good/bad
# Repeat until culprit found

Automated Bisect

git bisect start HEAD v1.2.0
git bisect run ./run_regression_test.sh

Regression Testing Checklist

Per Commit

• Unit tests pass
• Smoke tests pass
• Build succeeds on all platforms

Per Merge to Main

• Integration tests pass
• Performance benchmarks within tolerance
• Save compatibility verified

Per Release

• Full playthrough completed
• All platforms tested
• Legacy saves load correctly
• No new critical regressions
• All previous hotfix issues still resolved

Building a Regression Suite

Start Small

1. Add tests for bugs as they're fixed
2. Cover critical path first
3. Expand coverage over time

Maintain Quality

• Delete flaky tests
• Keep tests fast
• Update tests with design changes

Measure Effectiveness

• Track bugs caught by tests
• Track bugs that slipped through
• Identify coverage gaps